Companies perform pay equity analysis by reviewing employee salaries to identify unfair pay gaps related to gender, race, or other non-performance factors. They collect compensation data, compare employees in similar roles, and evaluate factors like experience, education, location, and performance. Many organizations use HR analytics software and external audits to improve accuracy. After identifying disparities, companies adjust salaries, update compensation policies, and monitor results regularly to maintain fairness, transparency, legal compliance, and employee trust across the workplace.